Nitrate and ammonium ratios in the initial growth of corn plants
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18406/2316-1817v15nunico20231755Keywords:
Ionic interaction, Growth, Zea mays LAbstract
Corn is one of the main commodities of Brazilian agribusiness, due to its wide use, whether for human or animal consumption, or in the chemical and biofuel industries. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the dynamics of N influenced by different proportions of NO3– and NH4+. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, by direct sowing, the seeds were placed at a depth of 1 cm in plastic pots with a capacity of 6 dm3 containing a mixture of previously sieved and washed sand plus vermiculite, in a 2:1 ratio. They were submitted to five proportions of nitrate and ammonium ions (NO3- :NH4+): T1=100:0, T2=75:25, T3=50:50, T4=25:75 and T5=0:100, through nutritious. After 35 days, the following were evaluated: plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, chlorophyll a, b, total and a/b ratio, root length, leaf fresh matter mass, leaf dry matter mass , stem, roots, total dry matter, and root dry mass/shoot dry mass ratio, leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf area ratio and leaf mass ratio. The excess of nitrate did not favor the increase in the chlorophyll a index of maize plants, which is the most important chlorophyll in the capture of light in the antenna complex. It is not preferable to cultivate corn plants with only nitrate or ammonium, however, the greater amount of nitrate in the culture medium provided better performances in the initial growth of this plant. The proportion with 75% of NO3- is recommended because it presents better performances in most of the analyzed variables.
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